About Dr. Jennifer Giandhari

jennifer.giandhari@gmail.com +27 (0) 31 260 3744

Background

Jennifer Giandhari joined our group studies as a postdoctoral researcher under the supervision of Prof. Tulio de Oliveira. Her postdoctoral research focuses on identifying new drug resistance mutations to protease inhibitors outside of the protease gene by using a genomics and bioinformatics approach. This will assist in the management of patients failing second-line therapy and help guide effective third line options. The project forms part of the Southern African Treatment Resistance Network (SATuRN) and will provide the largest sample dataset of patients failing protease inhibitors in South Africa.


Current Affiliations:

NGS Platform Manager: KRISP - KwaZulu-Natal Research and Innovation Sequencing Platform, UKZN, Durban, South Africa.

Post-Doctoral fellow: College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal (UKZN), Durban, South Africa.

DST-NRF PDP felllow, Centre for the Aids Programme of Research in South Africa (CAPRISA), Durban, South Africa.

Education:

PhD in Virology from the University of Witwatersrand in 2015.

MSc in Virology from the Nelson R Mandela School of Medicine, UKZN, in 2012.


PUBLICATIONS


An emerging clade of Chikungunya West African genotype discovered in real-time during 2023 outbreak in Senegal .
Padane A, Tegally H, Ramphal Y, Ndiaye S, Sarr M, Diop M, Diedhiou CK, Mboup A, Diouf N, Souare A, Diagne ND, Aza-Gnandji M, Dabo NA, Dia YA, Diaw NA, Leye N, Diaw PA, Ambroise A, Cisse B, Diallo AS, Diop O, Diallo AA, Ndoye S, Sanko TJ, Baxter C, Wilkinson E, James SE, Tshiabuila D, Naidoo Y, Pillay S, Lessells R, Cisse K, Leye A, Mbaye A, Kania D, Traore I, Kagone ST, Tinto B, Ouedraogo A, Lourenco J, Giovanetti M, Giandhari J, de Oliveira T, Mboup S, medrxiv (2023), MEDRXIV-2023-298527v1:.


SARS-CoV-2 spike protein diversity at an intra-host level, among SARS-CoV-2 infected individuals in South Africa, 2020 to 2022.
Subramoney K, Mtileni N, Davis A, Giandhari J, Tegally H, Wilkinson E, Naidoo Y, Ramphal Y, Pillay S, Ramphal U, Simane A, Reddy B, Mashishi B, Mbenenge N, de Oliveira T, Fielding BC, Treurnicht FK, PLoS One (2023), 18(5):e0286373. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0286373:.


Consequences of rpoB mutations missed by the GenoType MTBDRplus assay in a programmatic setting in South Africa.
Mvelase NR, Cele LP, Singh R, Naidoo Y, Giandhari J, Wilkinson E, de Oliveira T, Swe-Han KS, Mlisana KP, Afr J Lab Med. (2023), 12(1):1975. doi: 10.4102/ajlm.v12i1.1975:.


Genomic epidemiology of SARS-CoV-2 during the first four waves in Mozambique.
Ismael N, van Wyk S, Tegally H, Giandhari J, San JE, Moir M, Pillay S, Utpatel C, Singh L, Naidoo Y, Ramphal U, Mabunda N, Abílio N, Arnaldo P, Xavier J, Amoako DG, Everatt J, Ramphal Y, Maharaj A, de Araujo L, Anyaneji UJ, Tshiabuila D, Viegas S, Lessells R, Engelbrecht S, Gudo E, Jani I, Niemann S, Wilkinson E, de Oliveira T, PLOS Glob Public Health (2023), 6;3(3):e0001593. doi: 10.1371/journal.pgph.0001593:.


Molecular Epidemiology and Diversity of SARS-CoV-2 in Ethiopia 2020-2022.
Sisay A, Tshiabuila D, van Wyk S, Tesfaye A, Mboowa G, Oyola SO, Tesema SK, Baxter C, Martin D, Lessells R, Tegally H, Moir M, Giandhari J, Pillay S, Singh L, Ramphal Y, Maharaj A, Pillay Y, Maharaj A, Naidoo Y, Ramphal U, Chabuka L, Wilkinson E, de Oliveira T, Desta AF, San JE, Genes (2023), 13;14(3):705. doi: 10.3390/genes14030705:.


Antiretroviral therapy adherence patterns, virological suppression, and emergence of drug resistance: A nested case-control study from Uganda and South Africa. .
Tyagi A, Tong Y, Rabideau DJ, Reynolds Z, De Oliveira T, Lessells R, Amanyire G, Orrell C, Asiimwe S, Chimukangara B, Giandhari J, Pillay S, Haberer JE, Siedner MJ; META Study Investigators. , Antivir Ther. (), 27(5):13596535221114822. doi: 10.1177/13596535221114822:.


The evolving SARS-CoV-2 epidemic in Africa: Insights from rapidly expanding genomic surveillance.
Tegally H, San JE, Cotten M, Moir M, Tegomoh B, Mboowa G, Martin DP, Baxter C, Lambisia AW, Diallo A, Amoako DG, Diagne MM, Sisay A, Zekri AN, Gueye AS, Sangare AK, Ouedraogo AS, Sow A, Musa AO, Sesay AK, Abias AG, Elzagheid AI, Lagare A, Kemi AS, Abar AE, Johnson AA, Fowotade A, Oluwapelumi AO, Amuri AA, Juru A, Kandeil A, Mostafa A, Rebai A, Sayed A, Kazeem A, Balde A, Christoffels A, Trotter AJ, Campbell A, Keita AK, Kone A, Bouzid A, Souissi A, Agweyu A, Naguib A, Gutierrez AV, Nkeshimana A, Page AJ, Yadouleton A, Vinze A, Happi AN, Chouikha A, Iranzadeh A, Maharaj A, Batchi-Bouyou AL, Ismail A, Sylverken AA, Goba A, Femi A, Sijuwola AE, Marycelin B, Salako BL, Oderinde BS, Bolajoko B, Diarra B, Herring BL, Tsofa B, Lekana-Douki B, Mvula B, Njanpop-Lafourcade BM, Marondera BT, Khaireh BA, Kouriba B, Adu B, Pool B, McInnis B, Brook C, Williamson C, Nduwimana C, Anscombe C, Pratt CB, Scheepers C, Akoua-Koffi CG, Agoti CN, Mapanguy CM, Loucoubar C, Onwuamah CK, Ihekweazu C, Malaka CN, Peyrefitte C, Grace C, Omoruyi CE, Rafaï CD, Morang'a CM, Erameh C, Lule DB, Bridges DJ, Mukadi-Bamuleka D, Park D, Rasmussen DA, Baker D, Nokes DJ, Ssemwanga D, Tshiabuila D, Amuzu DSY, Goedhals D, Grant DS, Omuoyo DO, Maruapula D, Wanjohi DW, Foster-Nyarko E, Lusamaki EK, Simulundu E, Ong'era EM, Ngabana EN, Abworo EO, Otieno E, Shumba E, Barasa E, Ahmed EB, Ahmed EA, Lokilo E, Mukantwari E, Philomena E, Belarbi E, Simon-Loriere E, Anoh EA, Manuel E, Leendertz F, Taweh FM, Wasfi F, Abdelmoula F, Takawira FT, Derrar F, Ajogbasile FV, Treurnicht F, Onikepe F, Ntoumi F, Muyembe FM, Ragomzingba FEZ, Dratibi FA, Iyanu FA, Mbunsu GK, Thilliez G, Kay GL, Akpede GO, van Zyl GU, Awandare GA, Kpeli GS, Schubert G, Maphalala GP, Ranaivoson HC, Omunakwe HE, Onywera H, Abe H, Karray H, Nansumba H, Triki H, Kadjo HAA, Elgahzaly H, Gumbo H, Mathieu H, Kavunga-Membo H, Smeti I, Olawoye IB, Adetifa IMO, Odia I, Ben Boubaker IB, Mohammad IA, Ssewanyana I, Wurie I, Konstantinus IS, Halatoko JWA, Ayei J, Sonoo J, Makangara JC, Tamfum JM, Heraud JM, Shaffer JG, Giandhari J, Musyoki J, Nkurunziza J, Uwanibe JN, Bhiman JN, Yasuda J, Morais J, Kiconco J, Sandi JD, Huddleston J, Odoom JK, Morobe JM, Gyapong JO, Kayiwa JT, Okolie JC, Xavier JS, Gyamfi J, Wamala JF, Bonney JHK, Nyandwi J, Everatt J, Nakaseegu J, Ngoi JM, Namulondo J, Oguzie JU, Andeko JC, Lutwama JJ, Mogga JJH, O'Grady J, Siddle KJ, Victoir K, Adeyemi KT, Tumedi KA, Carvalho KS, Mohammed KS, Dellagi K, Musonda KG, Duedu KO, Fki-Berrajah L, Singh L, Kepler LM, Biscornet L, de Oliveira Martins L, Chabuka L, Olubayo L, Ojok LD, Deng LL, Ochola-Oyier LI, Tyers L, Mine M, Ramuth M, Mastouri M, ElHefnawi M, Mbanne M, Matsheka MI, Kebabonye M, Diop M, Momoh M, Lima Mendonça MDL, Venter M, Paye MF, Faye M, Nyaga MM, Mareka M, Damaris MM, Mburu MW, Mpina MG, Owusu M, Wiley MR, Tatfeng MY, Ayekaba MO, Abouelhoda M, Beloufa MA, Seadawy MG, Khalifa MK, Matobo MM, Kane M, Salou M, Mbulawa MB, Mwenda M, Allam M, Phan MVT, Abid N, Rujeni N, Abuzaid N, Ismael N, Elguindy N, Top NM, Dia N, Mabunda N, Hsiao NY, Silochi NB, Francisco NM, Saasa N, Bbosa N, Murunga N, Gumede N, Wolter N, Sitharam N, Ndodo N, Ajayi NA, Tordo N, Mbhele N, Razanajatovo NH, Iguosadolo N, Mba N, Kingsley OC, Sylvanus O, Femi O, Adewumi OM, Testimony O, Ogunsanya OA, Fakayode O, Ogah OE, Oludayo OE, Faye O, Smith-Lawrence P, Ondoa P, Combe P, Nabisubi P, Semanda P, Oluniyi PE, Arnaldo P, Quashie PK, Okokhere PO, Bejon P, Dussart P, Bester PA, Mbala PK, Kaleebu P, Abechi P, El-Shesheny R, Joseph R, Aziz RK, Essomba RG, Ayivor-Djanie R, Njouom R, Phillips RO, Gorman R, Kingsley RA, Neto Rodrigues RMDESA, Audu RA, Carr RAA, Gargouri S, Masmoudi S, Bootsma S, Sankhe S, Mohamed SI, Femi S, Mhalla S, Hosch S, Kassim SK, Metha S, Trabelsi S, Agwa SH, Mwangi SW, Doumbia S, Makiala-Mandanda S, Aryeetey S, Ahmed SS, Ahmed SM, Elhamoumi S, Moyo S, Lutucuta S, Gaseitsiwe S, Jalloh S, Andriamandimby SF, Oguntope S, Grayo S, Lekana-Douki S, Prosolek S, Ouangraoua S, van Wyk S, Schaffner SF, Kanyerezi S, Ahuka-Mundeke S, Rudder S, Pillay S, Nabadda S, Behillil S, Budiaki SL, van der Werf S, Mashe T, Mohale T, Le-Viet T, Velavan TP, Schindler T, Maponga TG, Bedford T, Anyaneji UJ, Chinedu U, Ramphal U, George UE, Enouf V, Nene V, Gorova V, Roshdy WH, Karim WA, Ampofo WK, Preiser W, Choga WT, Ahmed YA, Ramphal Y, Bediako Y, Naidoo Y, Butera Y, de Laurent ZR; Africa Pathogen Genomics Initiative (Africa PGI), Ouma AEO, von Gottberg A, Githinji G, Moeti M, Tomori O, Sabeti PC, Sall AA, Oyola SO, Tebeje YK, Tessema SK, de Oliveira T, Happi C, Lessells R, Nkengasong J, Wilkinson E, Science (2022), eabq5358. doi: 10.1126/science.abq5358:.


Molecular Epidemiology and Trends in HIV-1 Transmitted Drug Resistance in Mozambique 1999-2018.
Ismael N, Wilkinson E, Mahumane I, Gemusse H, Giandhari J, Bauhofer A, Vubil A, Mambo P, Singh L, Mabunda N, Bila D, Engelbrecht S, Gudo E, Lessells R, de Oliveira T, Viruses (2022), 14(9):1992. doi: 10.3390/v14091992:.


Clinical evaluation of SARS-CoV-2 rapid antigen tests during the Omicron wave in South Africa.
Samsunder N, de Vos M, Ngcapu S, Giandhari J, Lewis L, Kharsany AB, Carwood C, de Oliveira T, Karim QA, Karim SA, Naidoo K, Escadafal C, Sivro A, J Infect Dis. (2022), jiac333. doi: 10.1093/infdis/jiac333:.


Impact of intra-host immune adaptations on the evolution of SARS-CoV-2 S protein among individuals with SARS-CoV-2 infections in South Africa, 2020 to 2022..
Subramoney K, Mtileni N, Davis A, Giandhari J, Naidoo Y, Ramphal Y, Pillay S, Ramphal U, Tegally H, Wilkinson E, Simane A, Reddy B, Mashishi B, Mbenenge N, de Oliveira T, Fielding B, Treurnicht F, Authorea Preprints (2022), DOI: 10.22541/au.166305249.90395426/v1 :.


Building genomic sequencing capacity in Africa to respond to the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic.
de Oliveira T, Wilkinson E, Baxter C, Tegally H, Giandhari J, Naidoo Y, Pillay S, Science (2022), https://www.science.org/content/resource/pandemic-preparedness-changing-world-fostering-global-collaboration, 2022:.


Omicron BA.4/BA.5 escape neutralizing immunity elicited by BA.1 infection..
Khan K, Karim F, Ganga Y, Bernstein M, Jule Z, Reedoy K, Cele S, Lustig G, Amoako D, Wolter N, Samsunder N, Sivro A, San JE, Giandhari J, Tegally H, Pillay S, Naidoo Y, Mazibuko M, Miya Y, Ngcobo N, Manickchund N, Magula N, Karim QA, von Gottberg A, Abdool Karim SS, Hanekom W, Gosnell BI; COMMIT-KZN Team, Lessells RJ, de Oliveira T, Moosa MS, Sigal A, Nature Communications (2022), doi: 10.1038/s41467-022-32396-9:.


Low-frequency HIV-1 drug resistance mutations in antiretroviral naive individuals in Botswana.
Maruapula D, Seatla KK, Morerinyane O, Molebatsi K, Giandhari J, de Oliveira T, Musonda RM, Leteane M, Mpoloka SW, Rowley CF, Moyo S, Gaseitsiwe S, Medicine (Baltimore) (2022), 101(28):e29577. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000029577:.


Identification of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant using spike gene target failure and genotyping assays, Gauteng, South Africa, 2021.
Subramoney K, Mtileni N, Bharuthram A, Davis A, Kalenga B, Rikhotso M, Maphahlele M, Giandhari J, Naidoo Y, Pillay S, Ramphal U, Ramphal Y, Tegally H, Wilkinson E, Mohale T, Ismail A, Mashishi B, Mbenenge N, de Oliveira T, Makatini Z, Fielding BC, Treurnicht FK, J Med Virol. (2022), 4(8):3676-3684. doi: 10.1002/jmv.27797:.


Emergence of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron lineages BA.4 and BA.5 in South Africa.
Tegally H, Moir M, Everatt J, Giovanetti M, Scheepers C, Wilkinson E, Subramoney K, Moyo S, Amoako D, Althaus C, Anyaneji U, Kekana D, Viana R, Giandhari J, Maponga T, Maruapula D, Choga W, Mayaphi S, Mbhele N, Gaseitsiwe S, Msomi N, Naidoo Y, Pillay S, Sanko T, San J, Scott L, Singh L, Magini N, Smith-Lawrence P, Stevens W, Dor G, Tshiabuila D, Wolter N, Preiser W, Treurnicht F, Venter M, Davids M, Chiloane G, Mendes A, McIntyre C, O'Toole A, Ruis C, Peacock T, Roemer C, Williamson C, Pybus O, Bhiman J, Glass A, Martin D, Rambaut A, Gaseitsiwe S, von Gottberg A, Baxter C, Lessells R, de Oliveira T, Nature Medicine (2022), https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-022-01911-2:.


Omicron infection enhances Delta antibody immunity in vaccinated persons.
Khan K, Karim F, Cele S, Reedoy K, San EJ, Lustig G, Tegally H, Rosenberg Y, Bernstein M, Jule Z, Ganga Y, Ngcobo N, Mazibuko M, Mthabela N, Mhlane Z, Mbatha N, Miya Y, Giandhari J, Ramphal Y, Naidoo T, Sivro A, Samsunder N, Kharsany A, Amoako D, Bhiman J, Manickchund N, Karim Q, Magula N, Abdool Karim SS, Gray G, Hanekom W, von Gottberg A, Milo R, Gosnell B, Lessells R, Moore P, de Olveira T, Moosa M-Y S, Sigal A, Nature (2022), https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-022-04830-x:.


Emergence and phenotypic characterization of the global SARS-CoV-2 C.1.2 lineage.
Scheepers C, Everatt J, Amoako DG, Tegally H, Wibmer CK, Mnguni A, Ismail A, Mahlangu B, Lambson BE, Martin DP, Wilkinson E, San JE, Giandhari J, Manamela N, Ntuli N, Kgagudi P, Cele S, Richardson SI, Pillay S, Mohale T, Ramphal U, Naidoo Y, Khumalo ZT, Kwatra G, Gray G, Bekker LG, Madhi SA, Baillie V, Van Voorhis WC, Treurnicht FK, Venter M, Mlisana K, Wolter N, Sigal A, Williamson C, Hsiao NY, Msomi N, Maponga T, Preiser W, Makatini Z, Lessells R, Moore PL, de Oliveira T, von Gottberg A, Bhiman JN, Nature Commununications (2022), 13(1):1976. doi: 10.1038/s41467-022-29579-9:.


Selection analysis identifies clusters of unusual mutational changes in Omicron lineage BA.1 that likely impact Spike function.
Martin DP, Lytras S, Lucaci AG, Maier W, Grüning B, Shank SD, Weaver S, MacLean OA, Orton RJ, Lemey P, Boni MF, Tegally H, Harkins GW, Scheepers C, Bhiman JN, Everatt J, Amoako DG, San JE, Giandhari J, Sigal A; NGS-SA, Williamson C, Hsiao NY, von Gottberg A, De Klerk A, Shafer RW, Robertson DL, Wilkinson RJ, Sewell BT, Lessells R, Nekrutenko A, Greaney AJ, Starr TN, Bloom JD, Murrell B, Wilkinson E, Gupta RK, de Oliveira T, Kosakovsky Pond SL, Mol Biol Evol. (2022), doi: 10.1093/molbev/msac061:.


Rapid Replacement of SARS-CoV-2 Variants by Delta and Subsequent Arrival of Omicron, Uganda, 2021.
Bbosa N, Ssemwanga D, Namagembe H, Kiiza R, Kiconco J, Kayiwa J, Lutalo T, Lutwama J, Ssekagiri A, Ssewanyana I, Nabadda S, Kyobe-Bbosa H, Giandhari J, Pillay S, Ramphal U, Ramphal Y, Naidoo Y, Tshiabuila D, Tegally H, San EJ, Wilkinson E, de Oliveira T, Kaleebu P, Emerg Infect Dis (2022), doi: 10.3201/eid2805.220121:.


Targeted Sanger sequencing to recover key mutations in SARS-CoV-2 variant genome assemblies produced by next-generation sequencing.
Singh L, San JE, Tegally H, Brzoska PM, Anyaneji UJ, Wilkinson E, Clark L, Giandhari J, Pillay S, Lessells RJ, Martin DP, Furtado M, Kiran AM, de Oliveira T, Microb Genom. (2022), doi: 10.1099/mgen.0.000774:.


Selection analysis identifies unusual clustered mutational changes in Omicron lineage BA.1 that likely impact Spike function.
Martin DP, Lytras S, Lucaci AG, Maier W, Grüning B, Shank SD, Weaver S, MacLean OA, Orton RJ, Lemey P, Boni MF, Tegally H, Harkins G, Scheepers C, Bhiman JN, Everatt J, Amoako DG, San JE, Giandhari J, Sigal A; NGS-SA, Williamson C, Hsiao NY, von Gottberg A, De Klerk A, Shafer RW, Robertson DL, Wilkinson RJ, Sewell BT, Lessells R, Nekrutenko A, Greaney AJ, Starr TN, Bloom JD, Murrell B, Wilkinson E, Gupta RK, de Oliveira T, Kosakovsky Pond SL, bioXriv (2022), 2022.01.14.476382. doi: 10.1101/2022.01.14.476382:.


Omicron infection of vaccinated individuals enhances neutralizing immunity against the Delta variant. .
Khan K, Karim F, Cele S, San JE, Lustig G, Tegally H, Rosenberg Y, Bernstein M, Ganga Y, Jule Z, Reedoy K, Ngcobo N, Miya Y, Mazibuko M, Mthabela N, Mhlane Z, Mbatha N, Giandhari J, Ramphal Y, Naidoo T, Manickchund N, Magula N, Karim SA, Gray G, Hanekom W, von Gottberg A, Milo R, Gosnell B, Lessells R, de Oliveira T, Moore P, Moosa YS, Sigal A., medRxiv (2022), 2021.12.27.21268439. doi: 10.1101/2021.12.27.21268439:.


T cell responses to SARS-CoV-2 spike cross-recognize Omicron.
Keeton R, Tincho MB, Ngomti A, Baguma R, Benede N, Suzuki A, Khan K, Cele S, Bernstein M, Karim F, Madzorera SV, Moyo-Gwete T, Mennen M, Skelem S, Adriaanse M, Mutithu D, Aremu O, Stek C, du Bruyn E, Van Der Mescht MA, de Beer Z, de Villiers TR, Bodenstein A, van den Berg G, Mendes A, Strydom A, Venter M, Giandhari J, Naidoo Y, Pillay S, Tegally H, Grifoni A, Weiskopf D, Sette A, Wilkinson RJ, de Oliveira T, Bekker LG, Gray G, Ueckermann V, Rossouw T, Boswell MT, Bihman J, Moore PL, Sigal A, Ntusi NAB, Burgers WA, Riou C, Nature (2022), doi: 10.1038/s41586-022-04460-3:.


HIV-1 drug resistance in adults and adolescents on protease inhibitor-based antiretroviral treatment in KwaZulu-Natal Province, South Africa.
Chimukangara B, Lessells RJ, Sartorius B, Gounder L, Manyana S, Pillay M, Singh L, Giandhari J, Govender K, Samuel R, Msomi N, Naidoo K, de Oliveira T, Moodley P, Parboosing R, J Glob Antimicrob Resist. (2021), S2213-7165(21)00249-6. doi: 10.1016/j.jgar.2021.10.023. :.


Acquired HIV drug resistance and virologic monitoring in a HIV hyper-endemic setting in KwaZulu-Natal Province, South Africa..
Chimukangara B, Lessells RJ, Singh L, Grigalionyte I, Yende-Zuma N, Adams R, Dawood H, Dlamini L, Buthelezi S, Chetty S, Diallo K, Duffus WA, Mogashoa M, Hagen MB, Giandhari J, de Oliveira T, Moodley P, Padayatchi N, Naidoo K., AIDS Res Ther. (2021), 18(1):74. doi: 10.1186/s12981-021-00393-5:.


Temporal Changes in Vaginal Microbiota and Genital Tract Cytokines Among South African Women Treated for Bacterial Vaginosis.
Mtshali A, San JE, Osman F, Garrett N, Balle C, Giandhari J, Onywera H, Mngomezulu K, Mzobe G, de Oliveira T, Rompalo A, Mindel A, Abdool Karim SS, Ravel J, Passmore JS, Abdool Karim Q, Jaspan HB, Liebenberg LJP, Ngcapu S, Front Immunol. (2021), 12:730986. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.730986.:.


Rapid epidemic expansion of the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant in southern Africa.
Viana R, Moyo S, Amoako DG, Tegally H, Scheepers C, Althaus CL, Anyaneji UJ, Bester PA, Boni MF, Chand M, Choga WT, Colquhoun R, Davids M, Deforche K, Doolabh D, du Plessis L, Engelbrecht S, Everatt J, Giandhari J, Giovanetti M, Hardie D, Hill V, Hsiao NY, Iranzadeh A, Ismail A, Joseph C, Joseph R, Koopile L, Kosakovsky Pond SL, Kraemer MUG, Kuate-Lere L, Laguda-Akingba O, Lesetedi-Mafoko O, Lessells RJ, Lockman S, Lucaci AG, Maharaj A, Mahlangu B, Maponga T, Mahlakwane K, Makatini Z, Marais G, Maruapula D, Masupu K, Matshaba M, Mayaphi S, Mbhele N, Mbulawa MB, Mendes A, Mlisana K, Mnguni A, Mohale T, Moir M, Moruisi K, Mosepele M, Motsatsi G, Motswaledi MS, Mphoyakgosi T, Msomi N, Mwangi PN, Naidoo Y, Ntuli N, Nyaga M, Olubayo L, Pillay S, Radibe B, Ramphal Y, Ramphal U, San JE, Scott L, Shapiro R, Singh L, Smith-Lawrence P, Stevens W, Strydom A, Subramoney K, Tebeila N, Tshiabuila D, Tsui J, van Wyk S, Weaver S, Wibmer CK, Wilkinson E, Wolter N, Zarebski AE, Zuze B, Goedhals D, Preiser W, Treurnicht F, Venter M, Williamson C, Pybus OG, Bhiman J, Glass A, Martin DP, Rambaut A, Gaseitsiwe S, von Gottberg A, de Oliveira T, Nature (2022), doi: 10.1038/s41586-022-04411-y:.


SARS-CoV-2 Omicron has extensive but incomplete escape of Pfizer BNT162b2 elicited neutralization and requires ACE2 for infection.
Cele S, Jackson L, Khoury DS, Khan K, Moyo-Gwete T, Tegally H, San JE, Cromer D, Scheepers C, Amoako DG, Karim F, Bernstein M, Lustig G, Archary D, Smith M, Ganga Y, Jule Z, Reedoy K, Hwa SH, Giandhari J, Blackburn JM, Gosnell BI, Abdool Karim SS, Hanekom W; NGS-SA; COMMIT-KZN Team, von Gottberg A, Bhiman JN, Lessells RJ, Moosa MS, Davenport MP, de Oliveira T, Moore PL, Sigal A, Nature (2021), doi: 10.1038/s41586-021-04387-1.:.


Rapid replacement of the Beta variant by the Delta variant in South Africa.
Tegally H, Wilkinson E, Althaus C, Giovanetti M, San J, Giandhari J, Pillay S, Naidoo Y, Ramphal U, Msomi N, Mlisana K, Amoako D, Everatt J, Mohale T, Nguni A, Mahlangu B, Ntuli N, Khumalo Z, Makatini Z, Wolter N, Scheepers C, Ismail A, Doolabh D, Joseph R, Strydom A, Mendes A, Davids M, Mayaphi S, Ramphal Y, Maharaj A, Karim W, Tshiabuila D, Anyaneji U, Singh L, Engelbrecht S, Fonseca V, Marais K, Korsman S, Hardie D, Hsiao N, Maponga T, van Zyl G, Marais G, Iranzadeh A, Martin D, Alcantara L, Bester P, Nyaga M, Subramoney K, Treurnicht F, Venter M, Goedhals D, Preiser W, Bhiman J, vonGottberg A, Williamson C, Lessells R, de Oliveira T, medRxiv (2021), MEDRXIV-2021-264018v1:.


A year of genomic surveillance reveals how the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic unfolded in Africa .
Wilkinson E, Giovanetti M, Tegally H, San JE, Lessells R, Cuadros D, Martin DP, Rasmussen DA, Zekri AN, Sangare AK, Ouedraogo AS, Sesay AK, Priscilla A, Kemi AS, Olubusuyi AM, Oluwapelumi AOO, Hammami A, Amuri AA, Sayed A, Ouma AEO, Elargoubi A, Ajayi NA, Victoria AF, Kazeem A, George A, Trotter AJ, Yahaya AA, Keita AK, Diallo A, Kone A, Souissi A, Chtourou A, Gutierrez AV, Page AJ, Vinze A, Iranzadeh A, Lambisia A, Ismail A, Rosemary A, Sylverken A, Femi A, Ibrahimi A, Marycelin B, Oderinde BS, Bolajoko B, Dhaala B, Herring BL, Njanpop-Lafourcade BM, Kleinhans B, McInnis B, Tegomoh B, Brook C, Pratt CB, Scheepers C, Akoua-Koffi CG, Agoti CN, Peyrefitte C, Daubenberger C, Morang'a CM, Nokes DJ, Amoako DG, Bugembe DL, Park D, Baker D, Doolabh D, Ssemwanga D, Tshiabuila D, Bassirou D, Amuzu DSY, Goedhals D, Omuoyo DO, Maruapula D, Foster-Nyarko E, Lusamaki EK, Simulundu E, Ong'era EM, Ngabana EN, Shumba E, El Fahime E, Lokilo E, Mukantwari E, Philomena E, Belarbi E, Simon-Loriere E, Anoh EA, Leendertz F, Ajili F, Enoch FO, Wasfi F, Abdelmoula F, Mosha FS, Takawira FT, Derrar F, Bouzid F, Onikepe F, Adeola F, Muyembe FM, Tanser F, Dratibi FA, Mbunsu GK, Thilliez G, Kay GL, Githinji G, van Zyl G, Awandare GA, Schubert G, Maphalala GP, Ranaivoson HC, Lemriss H, Anise H, Abe H, Karray HH, Nansumba H, Elgahzaly HA, Gumbo H, Smeti I, Ayed IB, Odia I, Ben Boubaker IB, Gaaloul I, Gazy I, Mudau I, Ssewanyana I, Konstantinus I, Lekana-Douk JB, Makangara JC, Tamfum JM, Heraud JM, Shaffer JG, Giandhari J, Li J, Yasuda J, Mends JQ, Kiconco J, Morobe JM, Gyapong JO, Okolie JC, Kayiwa JT, Edwards JA, Gyamfi J, Farah J, Nakaseegu J, Ngoi JM, Namulondo J, Andeko JC, Lutwama JJ, O'Grady J, Siddle K, Adeyemi KT, Tumedi KA, Said KM, Hae-Young K, Duedu KO, Belyamani L, Fki-Berrajah L, Singh L, Martins LO, Tyers L, Ramuth M, Mastouri M, Aouni M, El Hefnawi M, Matsheka MI, Kebabonye M, Diop M, Turki M, Paye M, Nyaga MM, Mareka M, Damaris MM, Mburu MW, Mpina M, Nwando M, Owusu M, Wiley MR, Youtchou MT, Ayekaba MO, Abouelhoda M, Seadawy MG, Khalifa MK, Sekhele M, Ouadghiri M, Diagne MM, Mwenda M, Allam M, Phan MVT, Abid N, Touil N, Rujeni N, Kharrat N, Ismael N, Dia N, Mabunda N, Hsiao NY, Silochi NB, Nsenga N, Gumede N, Mulder N, Ndodo N, Razanajatovo NH, Iguosadolo N, Judith O, Kingsley OC, Sylvanus O, Peter O, Femi O, Idowu O, Testimony O, Chukwuma OE, Ogah OE, Onwuamah CK, Cyril O, Faye O, Tomori O, Ondoa P, Combe P, Semanda P, Oluniyi PE, Arnaldo P, Quashie PK, Dussart P, Bester PA, Mbala PK, Ayivor-Djanie R, Njouom R, Phillips RO, Gorman R, Kingsley RA, Carr RAA, El Kabbaj S, Gargouri S, Masmoudi S, Sankhe S, Lawal SB, Kassim S, Trabelsi S, Metha S, Kammoun S, Lemriss S, Agwa SHA, Calvignac-Spencer S, Schaffner SF, Doumbia S, Mandanda SM, Aryeetey S, Ahmed SS, Elhamoumi S, Andriamandimby S, Tope S, Lekana-Douki S, Prosolek S, Ouangraoua S, Mundeke SA, Rudder S, Panji S, Pillay S, Engelbrecht S, Nabadda S, Behillil S, Budiaki SL, van der Werf S, Mashe T, Aanniz T, Mohale T, Le-Viet T, Schindler T, Anyaneji UJ, Chinedu U, Ramphal U, Jessica U, George U, Fonseca V, Enouf V, Gorova V, Roshdy WH, Ampofo WK, Preiser W, Choga WT, Bediako Y, Naidoo Y, Butera Y, de Laurent ZR, Sall AA, Rebai A, von Gottberg A, Kouriba B, Williamson C, Bridges DJ, Chikwe I, Bhiman JN, Mine M, Cotten M, Moyo S, Gaseitsiwe S, Saasa N, Sabeti PC, Kaleebu P, Tebeje YK, Tessema SK, Happi C, Nkengasong J, de Oliveira T, Science (2021), DOI: 10.1126/science.abj4336:.


The emergence and ongoing convergent evolution of the SARS-CoV-2 N501Y lineages .
Martin DP, Weaver S, Tegally H, San EJ, Shank SD, Wilkinson E, Lucaci AG, Giandhari J, Naidoo S, Pillay Y, Singh L, Lessells RJ; NGS-SA; COVID-19 Genomics UK (COG-UK), Gupta RK, Wertheim JO, Nekturenko A, Murrell B, Harkins GW, Lemey P, MacLean OA, Robertson DL, de Oliveira T, Kosakovsky Pond SL. , Cell (2021), https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2021.09.003:.


Transmission dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 within-host diversity in two major hospital outbreaks in South Africa.
San JE, Ngcapu S, Kanzi AM, Tegally H, Fonseca V, Giandhari J, Wilkinson E, Nelson CW, Smidt W, Kiran AM, Chimukangara B, Pillay S, Singh L, Fish M, Gazy I, Martin DP, Khanyile K, Lessells R, de Oliveira T., Virus Evolution (2021), 7(1):veab041. doi: 10.1093/ve/veab041. eCollection 2021 Jan:.


Tracking the international spread of SARS-CoV-2 lineages B.1.1.7 and B.1.351/501Y-V2.
O'Toole A, Hill V, Pybus OG, Watts A, Bogoch II, Khan K, Messina JP, COVID-19 Genomics UK (COG-UK) consortium, Network for Genomic Surveillance in South Africa (NGS-SA), Brazil-UK CADDE Genomic Network, Tegally H, Lessells RR, Giandhari J, Pillay S, Tumedi KA, Nyepetsi G, Kebabonye M, Matsheka M, Mine M, Tokajian S, Hassan H, Salloum T, Merhi G, Koweyes J, Geoghegan JL, de Ligt J, Ren X, Storey M, Freed NE, Pattabiraman C, Prasad P, Desai AS, Vasanthapuram R, Schulz TF, Steinbruck L, Stadler T, Swiss Viollier Sequencing Consortium, Parisi A, Bianco A, Garcia de Viedma D, Buenestado-Serrano S, Borges V, Isidro J, Duarte S, Gomes JP, Zuckerman NS, Mandelboim M, Mor O, Seemann T, Arnott A, Draper J, Gall M, Rawlinson W, Deveson I, Schlebusch S, McMahon J, Leong L, Lim CK, Chironna M, Loconsole D, Bal A, Josset L, Holmes E, St George K, Lasek-Nesselquist E, Sikkema RS, Oude Munnink B, Koopmans M, Brytting M, Sudha Rani V, Pavani S, Smura T, Heim A, Kurkela S, Umair M, Salman M, Bartolini B, Rueca M, Drosten C, Wolff T, Silander O, Eggink D, Reusken C, Vennema H, Park A, Carrington C, Sahadeo N, Carr M, Gonzalez G, SEARCH Alliance San Diego, National Virus Reference Laboratory, SeqCOVID-Spain, Danish Covid-19 Genome Consortium (DCGC), Communicable Diseases Genomic Network (CDGN), Dutch National SARS-CoV-2 surveillance program, Division of Emerging Infectious Diseases (KDCA), de Oliveira T, Faria N, Rambaut A, Kraemer MUG., Wellcome Open Res (2021), 6:121. doi: 10.12688/wellcomeopenres.16661.1. eCollection 2021.:.


Persistent SARS-CoV-2 infection and intra-host evolution in association with advanced HIV infection.
Karim F, Moosa MYS, Gosnell BI, Cele S, Giandhari J, Pillay S, Tegally H, Wilkinson E, San JE, Msomi N, Mlisana K, Khan K, Bernstein M, Manickchund N, Singh L, Ramphal U, COMMIT-KZN Team, Hanekom W, Lessells RJ, Sigal A, de Oliveira T, medRxiv (2021), submitted, available on KRISP website.:.


Escape of SARS-CoV-2 501Y.V2 from neutralization by convalescent plasma..
Cele S, Gazy I, Jackson L, Hwa SH, Tegally H, Lustig G, Giandhari J, Pillay S, Wilkinson E, Naidoo Y, Karim F, Ganga Y, Khan K, Bernstein M, Balazs AB, Gosnell BI, Hanekom W, Moosa MS; NGS-SA; COMMIT-KZN Team, Lessells R, de Oliveira T, Sigal A., Nature (2021), DOI: 10.1038/s41586-021-03471-w:.


A novel variant of interest of SARS-CoV-2 with multiple spike mutations detected through travel surveillance in Africa.
de Oliveira T, Lutucuta S, Nkengasong J, Morais J, Paixao JP, Neto Z, Afonso P, Miranda J, David K, Ingles L, Amilton P A P R R C, Freitas H R, Mufinda F, Tessema K S , Tegally H, San E J, Wilkinson E, Giandhari J, Pillay S, Giovanetti M, Naidoo Y, Katzourakis A, Ghafari M, Singh L, Tshiabuila D, Martin D, Lessells R, medRxiv (2021), :.


Emergence of a SARS-CoV-2 variant of concern with mutations in spike glycoprotein.
Tegally H, Wilkinson E, Giovanetti M, Iranzadeh A, Fonseca V, Giandhari J, Doolabh D, Pillay S, San E, Msomi N, Mlisana K, Gottberg A, Walaza S, Allam M, Ismail A, Mohale T, Glass A, Engelbrecht S, Zyl G, Preiser W, Petruccione F, Sigal A, Hardie D, Marais G, Hsiao M, Korsman S, Davies M, Tyers L, Mudau I, York D, Maslo C, Goedhals D, Abrahams S, Laguda-Akingba O, Alisoltani-Dehkordi A, Godzik A, Wibmer Cos, Sewell B, Lourenco J, Alcantara Ls, Kosakovsky Pond S, Weaver S, Martin D, Lessells R, Bhiman J, Williamson C, de Oliveira T, Nature (2021), https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-021-03402-9:.


Sixteen novel lineages of SARS-CoV-2 in South Africa.
Tegally H, Wilkinson E, Lessells R, Giandhari J, Pillay S, Msomi N, Mlisana K, Bhiman J, Gottberg A, Walaza S, Fonseca V, Allam M, Ismail A, Engelbrecht S, Van Zyl G, Preiser W, Williamson C, Pettruccione F, Sigal A, Gazy I, Hardie D, Hsiao M, Martin D, York D, Goedhals D, San EJ, Giovanetti M, Lourenco J, Alcantara LCJ, de Oliveira T, Nature Medicine (2021), https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-021-01255-3:.


Escape of SARS-CoV-2 501Y.V2 variants from neutralization by convalescent plasma.
Cele S, Gazy I, Jackson L, Hwa S-H, Tegally H, Lustig G, Giandhari J, Pillay S, Wilkinson E, Naidoo Y, Karim F, Ganga Y, Khan K, Balazs AB, Gosnell BI, Hanekom W, Moosa MYS, NGS-SA, COMMIT-KZN Team, Lessells R, de Oliveira T, Sigal A, medRxiv (2021), 250224v1-Sigal:.


Emergence and rapid spread of a new severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) lineage with multiple spike mutations in South Africa.
Tegally H, Wilkinson E, Giovanetti M, Iranzadeh A, Fonseca V, Giandhari J, Doolabh D, Pillay S, San E, Msomi N, Mlisana K, Gottberg A, Walaza S, Allam M, Ismail A, Mohale T, Glass A, Engelbrecht S, Zyl G, Preiser W, Petruccione F, Sigal A, Hardie D, Marais G, Hsiao M, Korsman S, Davies M, Tyers L, Mudau I, York D, Maslo C, Goedhals D, Abrahams S, Laguda-Akingba O, Alisoltani-Dehkordi A, Godzik A, Wibmer Cos, Sewell B, Lourenço J, Alcantara Ls, Kosakovsky Pond S, Weaver S, Martin D, Lessells R, Bhiman J, Williamson C, de Oliveira T, medRxiv (2020), https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.12.21.20248640:.


Reduced efficacy of HIV-1 integrase inhibitors in patients with drug resistance mutations in reverse transcriptase.
Siedner MJ, Moorhouse MA, Simmons B, de Oliveira T, Lessells R, Giandhari J, Kemp SA, Chimukangara B, Akpomiemie G, Serenata Cm, Venter WDF, HillA, Gupta RK, Nature Communications (2020), https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-19801-x:.


Impact of pretreatment low-abundance HIV-1 drug-resistant variants on virological failure among HIV-1/TB-co-infected individuals.
Chimukangara B, Giandhari J, Lessells J, Yende-Zuma N, Sartorius B, Samuel R, Khanyile KS, Stray-Pedersen B, Moodley P, Metzner KJ, Padayatchi N, Naidoo K, de Oliveira T, Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy (2020), 75, 11:3319–3326, https://doi.org/10.1093/jac/dkaa343.


Unlocking the efficiency of genomics laboratories with robotic liquid-handling.
Tegally H, San JE, Giandhari J, de Oliveira T, BMC Genomics (2020), 729:https://doi.org/10.1186/s12864-020-07137-1.


A genomics network established to respond rapidly to public health threats in South Africa.
Msomi N, Mlisana K, Willianson C, Bhiman JN, Goedhals D, Engelbrecht S, Van Zyl G, Preiser W, Hardie D, Hsiao M, Mulder N, Martin D, Christoffels A, York D, Giandhari J, Wilkinson E, Pillay S, Tegally H, James SE, Kanzi A, Lessells RJ, de Oliveira T, Lancet Microbe (2020), https://doi.org/10.1016/S2666-5247(20)30116-6:.


Early transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in South Africa: An epidemiological and phylogenetic report.
Giandhari J, Pillay S, Wilkinson E, Tegally H, Sinayskiy I, Schuld M, Lourenço J, Chimukangara B, Lessells R, Moosa Y, Gazy I, Fish M, Singh L, Khanyile KS, Fonseca V, Giovanetti M, Alcantara LCJ, Petruccione F, de Oliveira T, IJID (2020), doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2020.11.128:.


High rate of occult hepatitis B virus infection in hemodialysis units of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa.
Msomi N, Ndlovu K, Giandhari J, Wilkinson E, Parboosing R, Zungu S, Mlisana K, J Med Virol. (2019), doi: 10.1002/jmv.25510:.


Trends in Pretreatment HIV-1 Drug Resistance in Antiretroviral Therapy-naive Adults in South Africa, 2000–2016: A Pooled Sequence Analysis.
Chimukangara B, Lessells RJ, Rhee S-Y, Giandhari J, Kharsany ABM, Naidoo K, Lewis L, Cawood C, Khanyile D, Ayalew KA, Diallo K, Samuel R, Hunt G, Vandormael A, Stray-Pedersen B, Gordon M, Makadzange T, Kiepiela P, Ramjee G, Ledwaba J, Kalimashe M, Morris L, Parikh UM, Mellors JW, Shafer RW, Katzenstein D, Moodley P, Gupta RK, Pillay D, Karim SSA, de Oliveira T, EClinicalMedicine (Lancet) (2019), DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eclinm.2019.03.006:.


Predicted antiviral activity of tenofovir versus abacavir in combination with a cytosine analogue and the integrase inhibitor dolutegravir in HIV-1-infected South African patients initiating or failing first-line ART.
Derache A, Iwuji CC, Danaviah S, Giandhari J, Marcelin AG, Calvez V, de Oliveira T, Dabis F, Pillay D, Gupta RK, J Antimicrob Chemother. (2018), doi: 10.1093/jac/dky428:doi:10.1093/jac/dky428.


Genetic markers for protease inhibitor drug resistance in regions outside of the protease gene.
Giandhari J, Gordon M, van Vuuren C, Moodley P, de Oliveira T, Virus Evolution (2017), :doi: 10.1093/ve/vew036.018.


Contribution of Gag and Protease to HIV-1 Phenotypic Drug Resistance in Pediatric Patients Failing Protease Inhibitor-Based Therapy.
Giandhari J, Basson AE, Sutherland K, Parry CM, Cane PA, Coovadia A, Kuhn L, Hunt G, Morris L, Antimicrob Agents Chemother. (2016), 60(4):2248-56.


Genetic Changes in HIV-1 Gag-Protease Associated with Protease Inhibitor-Based Therapy Failure in Pediatric Patients.
Giandhari J, Basson AE, Coovadia A, Kuhn L, Abrams AJ, Strehlau R, Morris L, Hunt GM, AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses (2015), 31(8):776-82.


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KRISP has been created by the coordinated effort of the University of KwaZulu-Natal (UKZN), the Technology Innovation Agency (TIA) and the South African Medical Research Countil (SAMRC).


Location: K-RITH Tower Building
Nelson R Mandela School of Medicine, UKZN
719 Umbilo Road, Durban, South Africa.
Director: Prof. Tulio de Oliveira